Various techniques for cleaning carpets, including hot water extraction (steam cleaning), dry compound cleaning, bonnet cleaning, and encapsulation, each suited to particular carpet types, soiling levels, and drying times. Hand-knotted rugs need gentler care: side-to-side vacuuming with a canister vacuum whose beater bar is off, sparing the fringes; an occasional light wipe with diluted, bleach-free dish foam on white cotton towels, worked in sections along the pile so it dries within about an hour; and a professional wash every 5 to 10 years, every 3 to 5 in heavy traffic, and before storing a rug for a year or more.
The method of running the vacuum across a rug's width instead of along its length, so that the suction does not tug the pile in the direction it lies or work against it. It goes with a light canister vacuum without a beater bar and with keeping the fringe out of the machine, which may come close but must not be sucked in. The face is done every one to two weeks (monthly in a little-used room) and the back every month or two, flipping half the rug at a time.